CAMBRIDGE, England--(BUSINESS WIRE)--AstraZeneca today presented new data from a subgroup analysis of the Phase III FLAURA trial, which explored osimertinib as 1st-line therapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results presented at the ESMO Asia 2017 Congress in Singapore showed that patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases at baseline had a higher objective response rate with their brain metastasis and suggest a lower risk of CNS progression when treated with osimertinib, a third-generation, irreversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), versus current standard-of-care EGFR-TKIs (erlotinib or gefitinib) [Abstract LBA5].1
The analysis included patients with ≥1 measurable and/or non-measurable CNS lesion present on baseline scan (as assessed by blinded independent central review), accounting for 23% of the total FLAURA patient population (128 of 556 patients; 61 patients enrolled in the osimertinib arm and 67 patients in the comparator arm).1 In this pre-specified subgroup analysis, osimertinib demonstrated a nominally statistically significant improvement in CNS progression-free survival (PFS) compared with current standard of care, reducing the risk of CNS disease progression or death by more than half (hazard ratio 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26-0.86; nominal p=0.014).1 In addition, fewer patients in the osimertinib arm experienced disease progression due to the development of new CNS lesions, compared with patients in the comparator arm (12% vs. 30%).1 The CNS objective response rate (a measurement of tumour shrinkage) was also higher in patients treated with osimertinib at 66% vs. 43% for patients in the comparator arm (odds ratio 2.5; 95% CI 1.2, 5.2; p=0.011).1
The FLAURA safety data for osimertinib were in line with those observed in prior clinical trials.1,2Osimertinib was well tolerated, with less frequent Grade 3 or higher adverse events (AEs) than with standard EGFR-TKIs (34% vs. 45%). In patients treated with osimertinib, the most common AEs were diarrhoea (58% [2% Grade ≥3]) and dry skin (32% [<1% Grade ≥3]), and in the comparator arm group, the most common AEs were diarrhoea (57% [3% Grade ≥3]) and dermatitis acneiform (48% [5% Grade ≥3]).2
Dr. Johan Vansteenkiste, Respiratory Oncologist at the University Hospital KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, said: “CNS metastases, including brain metastases, are a common and very disabling complication of advanced EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. They are notoriously difficult to treat, as existing oral therapies are often unable to effectively cross the blood-brain barrier. The CNS efficacy results for osimertinib in the FLAURA trial suggest improved clinical outcomes in an area of great unmet medical need.”
Sean Bohen, Executive Vice President, Global Medicines Development and Chief Medical Officer at AstraZeneca, said: “Osimertinib represents the next generation of targeted therapies in EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, and its CNS activity has been demonstrated in the AURA3, BLOOM and FLAURA trials. This subgroup analysis of FLAURA further supports data presented earlier this year in demonstrating the consistent benefit of osimertinib when used as a 1st-line therapy, irrespective of the presence of CNS metastases at study entry.”
Full results of the FLAURA trial were published online today in the New England Journal of Medicine(NEJM).
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Risk reduction was nominally statistically significant |
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NOTES TO EDITORS
About NSCLC
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women, accounting for about one-quarter of all cancer deaths, more than breast, prostate and colorectal cancers combined.3Approximately 10-15% of patients in the US and Europe, and 30-40% of patients in Asia have EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm) NSCLC.4,5,6 These patients are particularly sensitive to treatment with currently available EGFR-TKIs, which block the cell-signaling pathways that drive the growth of tumour cells.7 However, tumours almost always develop resistance to EGFR-TKI treatment leading to disease progression.8 Approximately half of patients develop resistance to approved EGFR-TKIs such as gefitinib and erlotinib due to the resistance mutation, EGFR T790M. Osimertinib also targets this secondary mutation that leads to disease progression.8,9 There is also a need for medicines with improved CNS efficacy, since approximately 25% of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC have brain metastases at diagnosis, increasing to approximately 40% within two years of diagnosis.10
About Tagrisso
Tagrisso (osimertinib) is a third-generation, irreversible EGFR-TKI designed to inhibit both EGFR-sensitising and EGFR T790M-resistance mutations, with clinical activity against CNS metastases.11 Osimertinib 40mg and 80mg once-daily oral tablets have been approved in more than 60 countries, including the US, EU, Japan and China, for patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. Osimertinib is also being investigated in the adjuvant setting and in combination with other treatments.12,13
About FLAURA
The FLAURA trial assessed the efficacy and safety of osimertinib 80mg once daily vs. standard-of-care EGFR-TKIs (either erlotinib [150mg orally, once daily] or gefitinib [250mg orally, once daily]) in previously untreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC.2 The trial was a double-blinded, randomised study, with 556 patients across 29 countries.2
About AstraZeneca in Lung Cancer
AstraZeneca is committed to developing medicines to help every patient with lung cancer. We have two approved medicines and a growing pipeline that targets genetic changes in tumour cells and boosts the power of the immune response against cancer. Our unrelenting pursuit of science aims to deliver more breakthrough therapies with the goal of extending and improving the lives of patients across all stages of disease and lines of therapy.
About AstraZeneca in Oncology
AstraZeneca has a deep-rooted heritage in Oncology and offers a quickly-growing portfolio of new medicines that has the potential to transform patients’ lives and the Company’s future. With at least six new medicines to be launched between 2014 and 2020, and a broad pipeline of small molecules and biologics in development, we are committed to advance New Oncology as one of AstraZeneca’s five Growth Platforms focused on lung, ovarian, breast and blood cancers. In addition to our core capabilities, we actively pursue innovative partnerships and investments that accelerate the delivery of our strategy, as illustrated by our investment in Acerta Pharma in haematology.
By harnessing the power of four scientific platforms – Immuno-Oncology, Tumour Drivers and Resistance, DNA Damage Response and Antibody Drug Conjugates – and by championing the development of personalised combinations, AstraZeneca has the vision to redefine cancer treatment and one day eliminate cancer as a cause of death.
About AstraZeneca
AstraZeneca is a global, science-led biopharmaceutical company that focuses on the discovery, development and commercialisation of prescription medicines, primarily for the treatment of diseases in three therapy areas - Oncology, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases and Respiratory. The Company also is selectively active in the areas of autoimmunity, neuroscience, and infection. AstraZeneca operates in over 100 countries and its innovative medicines are used by millions of patients worldwide.
For more information, please visit www.astrazeneca.com and follow us on Twitter @AstraZeneca.
Intended audiences
This press release is issued from AstraZeneca Corporate Headquarters in Cambridge, UK and is intended to provide information about our global business. Please be aware that information relating to the approval status and labels of approved products may vary from country to country, and a country-specific press release on this topic may have been issued in the countries where AstraZeneca conducts business. Osimertinib is not yet licensed for the 1st-line treatment of EGFRm NSCLC anywhere in the world.
References
1 Vansteenkiste J, et al. CNS Response to Osimertinib Vs. Standard-of-Care EGFR-TKI as First-Line Treatment in Patients with EGFRm Advanced NSCLC: FLAURA. Presented at the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) Asia 2017 Congress, 17-19 November 2017, Singapore.
2 Ramalingam S, et al. Osimertinib vs SoC EGFR-TKI as First-Line Treatment in Patients with EGFRm Advanced NSCLC (FLAURA). Presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2017 Congress, 8-12 September 2017, Madrid, Spain.
3 American Cancer Society. Key Statistics for Lung Cancer. Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/non-small-cell-lung-cancer/about/key-statistics.html. Accessed November 2017.
4 Szumera-Ciekiewicz A, et al. EGFR Mutation Testing on Cytological and Histological Samples in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: a Polish, Single Institution Study and Systematic Review of European Incidence. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2013:6;2800-12.
5 Keedy VL, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology Provisional Clinical Opinion: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutation Testing for Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Considering First-Line EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2011:29;2121-27.
6 Ellison G, et al. EGFR Mutation Testing in Lung Cancer: a Review of Available Methods and Their Use for Analysis of Tumour Tissue and Cytology Samples. J Clin Pathol. 2013:66;79-89.
7 Langer CJ, et al. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition in Mutation-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Is Afatinib Better or Simply Newer? J Clin Oncol. 2013:31(27);3303-05.
8 Yu HA, et al. Analysis of Tumour Specimens at the Time of Acquired Resistance to EGFR-TKI Therapy in 155 Patients with EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Research. 2013:19(8);2240-46.
9 Wu SG, et al. The Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to Irreversible EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Afatinib in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Oncotarget. 2016:7(11);12404-13.
10 Rangachari, et al. Brain Metastases in Patients with EGFR-Mutated or ALK-Rearranged NonSmall-Cell Lung Cancers. Lung Cancer. 2015;88,108–111
11 Cross DAE, et al. AZD9291, an Irreversible EGFR TKI, Overcomes T790M-Mediated Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors in Lung Cancer. Cancer Discov. 2014:4;1046-61.
12 National Institutes of Health. AZD9291 Versus Placebo in Patients With Stage IB-IIIA Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma, Following Complete Tumour Resection With or Without Adjuvant Chemotherapy (ADAURA). Available at: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02511106. Accessed November 2017.
13 National Institutes of Health. AZD9291 in Combination With Ascending Doses of Novel Therapeutics. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02143466. Accessed November 2017.
